第一套人民币
第一套人民币(The First Series of RMB)是在中国共产党的领导下、中国人民解放战争胜利进军的形势下,由人民政府所属国家银行在1948年12月1日印制发行的法定货币。
The first series of RMB was printed and issued by the State Bank of the people's Government on December 1, 1948 under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the victory of the Chinese people's Liberation War.
在图样题材上,选择当时经济建设和新社会人们生活的图案,生动展现出我国解放事业及建国初期人们的政治、生活、文化、社会百态,使人们领略到在党的领导下全国各族人民齐心协力、艰苦奋斗、自力更生建设新中国、新社会的如火如荼激情岁月。
On the subject matter of the design, we choose the pattern of economic construction and people's life in the new society at that time, which vividly shows the people's political, life, culture and social situation of the liberation cause and the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, so that people can appreciate the passionate years of building a new China and a new society with concerted efforts, arduous struggle and self-reliance under the leadership of the party.
第一套人民币是1948年12月1日由新成立的中国人民银行印制发行的法定货币
The first set of RMB was legal tender printed and issued by the newly established people's Bank of China on December 1, 1948
1949年,随着人民解放战争的顺利进行,分散的各解放区迅速连成一片,为适应形势的发展,急需一种统一的货币替代原来种类庞杂、折算不便的各解放区货币。为此,1948年12月1日,在河北省石家庄市成立了中国人民银行,同日开始发行统一的人民币。当时任华北人民政府主席的董必武同志为该套人民币题写了中国人民银行行名。
In 1949, with the smooth progress of the people's Liberation War, the scattered liberated areas were rapidly linked together. In order to adapt to the development of the situation, a unified currency was urgently needed to replace the currency of the liberated areas which was complex and inconvenient to convert. Therefore, on December 1, 1948, the people's Bank of China was established in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, and the unified RMB was issued on the same day. Comrade Dong Biwu, then chairman of the people's Government of North China, wrote the name of the people's Bank of China for the set of RMB.
1947年夏,解放战争进入我人民解放军胜利反攻阶段,人民解放军野战部队在各解放区人民群众的配合下,取得了一个个重大胜利,各解放区进一步巩固和发展,华北、西北、华东解放区逐步连成一片,各解放区之间贸易联系、物资交流日益发展。但是各地货币不统一,货币比价不固定,成为经济发展和贸易往来的重大障碍,给野战军机动作战带来很大困难。因此,迫切需要改变各解放区货币版别多、种类繁杂、比价不同、相互折算不便的状况,统一各解放区货币。
In the summer of 1947, the war of liberation entered the stage of the victorious counter offensive of the PLA. With the cooperation of the people in the liberated areas, the field units of the PLA achieved one major victory after another. The liberated areas were further consolidated and developed. The liberated areas in North China, Northwest China and East China were gradually linked together. Trade links and material exchanges between the liberated areas were developing day by day. However, the disunity of local currencies and the instability of currency price ratio have become major obstacles to economic development and trade exchanges, which have brought great difficulties to the field army's mobile operations. Therefore, there is an urgent need to change the situation that there are many kinds of currencies in the liberated areas, such as various types, different prices and inconvenient mutual conversion.
1947年10月24日,中共中央华北财经办事处成立,统一领导华北区财经工作,并着手开展统一货币工作。不久,晋察冀边区银行币停止发行,冀南银行币成为华北解放区统一货币。1948年1月,西北解放区停止发行陕甘宁边区银行币,西北农民银行币成为西北解放区的统一货币。10月,山东解放区北海银行币与华北解放区货币相互流通。11月,华北解放区统一流通北海银行币。从此,北海银行币成为山东和华中各解放区统一的货币。1948年底,全国各解放区除中原、东北等解放区自成独立货币体系外,华北、西北、华东三大解放区货币统一工作基本完成。
On October 24, 1947, the North China finance and Economics Office of the CPC Central Committee was set up to lead the financial and economic work in North China and to carry out the unified currency work. Soon, the bank currency of Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region stopped issuing, and the bank currency of Southern Hebei became the unified currency of the liberated area of North China. In January 1948, the northwest liberated area stopped issuing bank currency of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region, and the northwest peasant bank currency became the unified currency of the northwest liberated area. In October, Beihai bank currency of Shandong liberated area circulated with that of North China liberated area. In November, Beihai banknotes were uniformly circulated in the liberated areas of North China. From then on, Beihai banknotes became the unified currency in Shandong and central China. By the end of 1948, except for the Central Plains and Northeast China, which had become independent monetary systems, the work of currency unification in the three liberated areas of North China, Northwest China and East China was basically completed.
为了适应形势发展的需要,进一步统一解放区货币,经华北人民政府、山东人民政府、陕甘宁和晋绥两边区人民政府会商决定,合并华北解放区的华北银行、山东解放区的北海银行和西北解放区的西北农民银行,于1948年12月1日在河北省石家庄市成立中国人民银行。首任总经理南汉宸,副经理胡景云、关学文。同时开始发行统一的人民币,这是中国人民银行成立后发行的第一套人民币。第一套人民币上的"中国人民银行"六字由当时的华北人民政府主席董必武同志题写。第一批发行的人民币有10元、20元和50元三种券别,首先在华北、山东和西北三大解放区流通使用。随后发行了1元、5元和100元三种券别的人民币。此后,各种券别和版面的人民币逐步推广到全国各个解放区。
In order to meet the needs of the development of the situation and further unify the currency of the liberated areas, the people's Government of North China, the people's Government of Shandong, the people's Government of Shaanxi, Gansu and Ningxia and the people's Government of Shanxi and Suiyuan decided to merge the Bank of North
China in the liberated area of North China, the Bank of Beihai in the liberated area of Shandong Province and the Northwest Rural Bank of Northwest China in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, on December 1, 1948. First general manager Nan Hanchen, deputy manager Hu Jingyun, Guan Xuewen. At the same time, it began to issue unified RMB, which was the first set of RMB issued by the people's Bank of China after its establishment. The words "people's Bank of China" on the first set of RMB were inscribed by Comrade Dong Biwu, chairman of the people's Government of North China at that time. The first batch of RMB was issued in three categories: 10 yuan, 20 yuan and 50 yuan, which were first used in the three liberated areas of North China, Shandong and Northwest China. Subsequently, three types of RMB were issued, namely RMB 1, RMB 5 and RMB 100. Since then, all kinds of coupons and pages of RMB have been gradually extended to all liberated areas of the country.
此第一套人民币全套是席先生收藏的珍品,第一套人民币面值多且种类复杂,而且流通时间短,部分版别的第一套人民币发行和流通数量非常少。第一套人民币停止使用时间已长达半个世纪之久,其间又经历了多次政治运动、经济改革,因此收藏者留存下来的不多,能将之集全者实属凤毛麟角。全套八成新品相的第一套人民币,价格接近百万元;全套全新价值高达300万元,不仅由于其设计精美,更重要的是其珍稀程度无可比拟。
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